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Environment

Environmental Intelligence (GDD, Heat & Drought)

Pull real historical weather and compute crop-relevant agroclimatic indicators.

How it works

We pull historical daily weather from the Open-Meteo archive for any field location and compute Growing Degree Days (GDD) using the standard base temperature for your crop, plus heat-stress days, dry days, and precipitation totals. These indicators turn a year-long weather record into a small set of decision-grade numbers you can correlate with yield.

Formula

GDD = max(0, (T_max + T_min)/2 − T_base). Heat-stress day: T_max > threshold. Dry day: precipitation < threshold.

What you get

  • Cumulative GDD time series for the growing season
  • Heat-stress and dry-day counts per month
  • Total precipitation and extreme-event days

When to use it

  • You're zoning trial locations by climate match
  • You're correlating yield outcomes with weather
  • You're stress-testing varieties against historical extremes

Inputs

Site list
CSV with `id`, `lat`, `lon`, optional `sow_date`, `harvest_date`
Crop
Preset key (`wheat`, `maize`, `rice`, `soy`, …) — sets base temperature and thresholds

Parameters

NameDefaultDescription
Base temperaturecrop preset10°C for maize, 0°C for wheat, etc. Override per site if needed.
Heat threshold32°CT_max above this counts as a heat-stress day.
Dry-day threshold1 mmDaily precipitation below this counts as dry.
Windowsow → harvestFalls back to a crop-typical window if dates aren't provided.

Workflow

  1. 1. Fetch archive
    Open-Meteo historical daily min/max/precip for each site and year.
  2. 2. Season slice
    Trim to sow → harvest window per site.
  3. 3. Compute indicators
    GDD cumulative curve, heat-stress days, dry days, total precipitation.
  4. 4. Join to trials
    Site-level indicators merged with trial IDs for downstream correlation.

Interpreting results

  • GDD tracks phenological progress; check that cumulative GDD at flowering matches the crop's known requirement.
  • Heat-stress-day count during flowering is a stronger yield-drop predictor than season-total heat.
  • Correlate dry days in the grain-fill window with yield — often the single strongest weather-yield link.

Common pitfalls

  • Wrong base temperature silently shifts every GDD curve by hundreds of degree-days.
  • Ignoring sow/harvest windows compares seasons of different lengths.

Worked example

Maize belt, 2020–2024
Six locations; 2022 shows 24 heat-stress days at flowering vs a 12-day average — matches a documented 18% yield drop that season.

References

Run Environment on your data

Open the module and upload a CSV.

Open module